考研英语复习,考研英语复习计划
时间过得真快,一眨眼,小朋友们马上就要迎来期中考试啦。
在这里罗列了小学阶段全部的英语语法知识点供大家查漏补缺。
家长们可以根据小朋友们学习的进度做一个筛选,把已经学习了的知识点帮助孩子们巩固好。
对于还没有学习到的知识可以安排孩子们在即将到来的寒假进行预习。
祝小朋友们期中考试顺利!
名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以―辅音字母+y 结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以―f或fe 结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men,
woman-women
policeman-policemen
policewoman-policewomen
mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet
tooth-teeth
fish-fish
people-people
Chinese-Chinese
Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 ‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ‘如: his friends‘ bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ‘s children‘s shoes
→ 并列名词中,如果把 ‘s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike‘s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
→ 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加‘s
Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用― of +名词 来表示所有关系:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类
(1) 不定冠词:a / an
(2) 元音读音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card /
(3)定冠词:the
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school.
(4)在序数词前: John‘s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.
(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. (7)乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
(10)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
形容词,副词:比较级,最高级
(一)形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:
两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。
than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2.形容词加er的规则:
⑴ 一般在词尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以―辅音字母+y 结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
3.不规则形容词比较级:good-better
(二)副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)
(1)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
(2)副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)
数词:基数词,序数词
(一)基数词
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99
先说―几十,再说―几,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999
先说―几百,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)1,000以上
先从右往左数,每三位数加一个―,第一个 ― 前为thousand,第二个 ― 前为million,第三个 ― 前为billion
1,001→one thousand and one
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
(二)序数词
(1)一般在基数词后加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不规则变化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
考研英语复习(考研英语复习计划)